Static Electricity - Detailed Help

Assignment SE1: Charges and Atoms

Objectives:
  • The student should be able to identify the location and charge of the three basic subatomic particles (electron, proton, and neutron).
  • The student should be able to identify a charged object as having an imbalance of protons and electrons, identify the coulomb as the unit of charge, and identify the definition of insulators and conductors.

 

Reading:

The Physics Classroom - Static Electricity Unit, Lesson 1, Part a

The Physics Classroom - Static Electricity Unit, Lesson 1, Part b

 

 

____ are the charged parts of an atom.


The Structure of An Atom:

The three main subatomic particles are the proton, electron and neutron. The proton and neutron are the more massive of the three subatomic particles; they are located in the nucleus of the atom, forming the dense core of the atom. The proton is charged positively. The neutron does not possess a charge and is said to be neutral. The protons and neutrons are bound tightly together within the nucleus of the atom. Outside the nucleus are concentric spherical regions of space known as electron shells. The shells are the home of negatively charged electrons.

What are the parts of the atom? What type of charge do these parts possess?

 

 

____ are negatively charged (OR positively-charged).


The Structure of An Atom:

The three main subatomic particles are the proton, electron and neutron. The proton and neutron are the more massive of the three subatomic particles; they are located in the nucleus of the atom, forming the dense core of the atom. The proton is charged positively. The neutron does not possess a charge and is said to be neutral. The protons and neutrons are bound tightly together within the nucleus of the atom. Outside the nucleus are concentric spherical regions of space known as electron shells. The shells are the home of negatively charged electrons.

How can the basic structure of an atom be described?

What are the parts of the atom? What type of charge do these parts possess?

 

 

____ are found in the nucleus of an atom.


The Structure of An Atom:

The three main subatomic particles are the proton, electron and neutron. The proton and neutron are the more massive of the three subatomic particles; they are located in the nucleus of the atom, forming the dense core of the atom. The proton is charged positively. The neutron does not possess a charge and is said to be neutral. The protons and neutrons are bound tightly together within the nucleus of the atom. Outside the nucleus are concentric spherical regions of space known as electron shells. The shells are the home of negatively charged electrons.

How can the basic structure of an atom be described?

What are the parts of the atom? What type of charge do these parts possess?

 

 

In typical electrostatic experiments, protons cannot be gained or lost from an atom because they are _____.


The Structure of An Atom:

The three main subatomic particles are the proton, electron and neutron. The proton and neutron are the more massive of the three subatomic particles; they are located in the nucleus of the atom, forming the dense core of the atom. The proton is charged positively. The neutron does not possess a charge and is said to be neutral. The protons and neutrons are bound tightly together within the nucleus of the atom. Outside the nucleus are concentric spherical regions of space known as electron shells. The shells are the home of negatively charged electrons.


Many students have the misconception that an object can become positively-charged by gaining protons. But don't be fooled! Protons are indeed positively charged, but they are present in the nucleus of atoms and as such are tightly bound in that location. The charging of objects always occurs by means of a movement of electrons - either off of an object or onto an object.


How can the basic structure of an atom be described?

 

 

An atom that is positively charged (OR negatively charged OR neutral) contains ____.


Charged vs. Uncharged Objects

Objects are made of atoms and the charged parts of atoms are protons and electrons. Protons are charged positively and electrons are charged negatively. Whether or not an object is charged or uncharged (neutral) is dependent upon whether the numbers of protons (+ type of charge) or electrons (- type of charge) are balanced or imbalanced. A neutral object possesses the same amount of the two types of charge while a charged object has a imbalance of the two types of charge. If an object is charged, then it can be either positively- or negatively charged. A positively charged object possesses more protons than electrons and a negatively charged object possesses more electrons than protons.

What must a neutral atom do to become charged negatively or positively?

What can (and cannot) be concluded about a negatively- or a positively charged object?

 

 

In order for a neutral object to become positively charged (OR negatively charged), ____ the object.


Charged vs. Uncharged Objects

Objects are made of atoms and the charged parts of atoms are protons and electrons. Protons are charged positively and electrons are charged negatively. Whether or not an object is charged or uncharged (neutral) is dependent upon whether the numbers of protons (+ type of charge) or electrons (- type of charge) are balanced or imbalanced. A neutral object possesses the same amount of the two types of charge while a charged object has a imbalance of the two types of charge. If an object is charged, then it can be either positively- or negatively charged. A positively charged object possesses more protons than electrons and a negatively charged object possesses more electrons than protons.


Many students have the misconception that an object can become positively-charged by gaining protons. But don't be fooled! Protons are indeed positively charged, but they are present in the nucleus of atoms and as such are tightly bound in that location. The charging of objects always occurs by means of a movement of electrons - either off of an object or onto an object.


What must a neutral atom do to become charged negatively or positively?

What can (and cannot) be concluded about a negatively- or a positively charged object?

 

 

Substances through which charges move easily (OR have difficulty moving) are called ____.


Definition of a Conductor:

A conductor is a type of material which permits electrons to flow freely from atom to atom and molecule to molecule.


Definition of a Insulator:

An insulator is a type of material in which electrons do not flow freely from atom to atom and molecule to molecule.

What is a conductor? What is an insulator?

 

 

The charges on several spheres are shown. Which spheres are positively charged (OR negatively charged OR neutral)? (Note that there are 8 individual charge signs on each sphere.)


Each of the diagrams depict an object with plus (+) and minus (-) signs. The plus and minus signs represent the positive and negative charges present in the object. There are a total of eight different positive and negative signs on each object.


Charged vs. Uncharged Objects

Objects are made of atoms and the charged parts of atoms are protons and electrons. Protons are charged positively and electrons are charged negatively. Whether or not an object is charged or uncharged (neutral) is dependent upon whether the numbers of protons (+ type of charge) or electrons (- type of charge) are balanced or imbalanced. A neutral object possesses the same amount of the two types of charge while a charged object has a imbalance of the two types of charge. If an object is charged, then it can be either positively- or negatively charged. A positively charged object possesses more protons than electrons and a negatively charged object possesses more electrons than protons.

What can (and cannot) be concluded about a negatively- or a positively charged object?