You are given two locations - A and B - in the space surrounding two different planets. The g value for the two locations differ for two reasons - the planet mass creating the gravitational field is different for the two locations and the distance from the location to the center of the planet is different. You are asked to determine which location has the greatest gravitational field strength and you are asked to determine how many times greater it is. You will have to consider both of these factors.
The relationship between the gravitational field strength (g) and the variables that affect it is given by the following porportionality:
For two locations in the example problem above (see About This Question), Location B has three times the planet mass. This factor tends to make the g value greatest for Location B. However Location A is closer to the planet's center. Since the g value and distance (squared) are inversely proportional, Location A's smaller distance makes the g value greatest for Location A. So the two factors - the planet mass factor and the distance factor - are in competition with each other. Because of this, the only way to determine which location has the greatest g value is to compare the Mplanet/d2 ratio for each. That is, compare the size of M/(R)2 for Location A (in the example) to 3M/(2R)2 for Location B. Whichever evaluates to the largest value has the largest g value.
You must also determine how many times greater the g value is for one location compared to the other location. This quantitative comparison involves finding the ratio of the larger g value to the smaller g value. Simply take the ratio of the two expressions M/(R)2 and 3M/(2R)2. If you are divinding the larger value by the smaller, then you will get a number greater than 1.