An incompressible fluid (a liquid) passes
through a pipe of cross-section area A₁
with a speed of v₁...
...the fluid then passes into a pipe
of cross-section area A₂, now the fluid's
speed is v₂.
There is a simple equation that relates
the above variables: the continuity equation.
Volume passing point 1 each second = Volume passing point 2 each second
Volume₁ / Time = Volume₂ / Time
(Area₁ x Width₁) / Time = (Area₂ x Width₂) / Time
(Area₁ x Distance₁) / Time = (Area₂ x Distance₂) / Time
Area₁ x Distance₁ / Time = Area₂ x Distance₂ / Time
Area₁ x (Distance₁ / Time) = Area₂ x (Distance₂ / Time)
Area₁ x Speed₁ = Area₂ x Speed₂
A₁v₁ = A₂v₂
"Flow rate" is the volume of fluid passing a point each second:
Flow rate = Av
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